"Therefore, when [Christ] comes into the world, He says,
'Sacrifice and offering Thou hast not desired,
But a body Thou hast prepared for Me;
In whole burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin Thou has taken no pleasure.
Then I said, "Behold, I have come
(In the roll of the book it is written of Me)
To do Thy will, O God."'"
So it is Jesus himself who is the singer in this psalm of deliverance
or resurrection. He speaks with intensity, passion, and power;
and like David, with candor about the struggle and fear in life.
This is the first of several messianic psalms we're going to examine
in the weeks leading up to Easter, to prepare ourselves to celebrate
the resurrection of Christ. Most of these psalms are presented
in the first person, Jesus himself speaking. Taken together, they
survey Christ's Passion: the arrest, the trial, the humiliation,
the crucifixion, the burial, the resurrection, his ascension to
heaven, and his glorification at the right hand of the Father.
And they proclaim this good news that is preached to all the world.
There is an account in almost the very last words of Luke's gospel
in which Jesus is talking with his disciples after the resurrection.
Luke writes:
"Now he said to them, 'These are My words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things which are written about Me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.' Then he opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, and He said to them, 'Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and rise again from the dead the third day; and that repentance for forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in His name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem. You are witnesses of these things.'"
Jesus opened the minds of the disciples to see him in all these Old Testament passages. My prayer for us is that, starting right now, Christ would be at work through the Holy Spirit opening up our hearts and minds to see him in a way that we have never seen him before in Psalm 40.
A new song of resurrection life
Let's look at the text. The first ten verses of the psalm
are a hymn. This is a strong, powerful confession of faith sung
publicly in the great congregation, giving testimony to God's
salvation and his greatness. Verses 1-3 talk about a new song-a
song of rescue; in fact, resurrection:
I waited patiently for the LORD;
And He inclined to me, and heard my cry.
He brought me up out of the pit of destruction, out of the miry clay;
And He set my feet upon a rock making my footsteps firm.
And He put a new song in my mouth, a song of praise to our God;
Many will see and fear,
And will trust in the LORD.
Hebrew lexicons amplify this idea of a pit of destruction as
a pit of tumult, of terrible experience of desolation, despair,
or even death. In that phrase, Jesus is describing his own death,
burial, and separation from his Father God. But these verses go
on to describe resurrection.
There are two phrases in verse one that create a tension we need
to understand about the life and ministry of Jesus. One is "waited
patiently," the other "my cry [for deliverance]."
Think about the waiting of Jesus. He did trust God's plan for
him. Remember him in the temple at the age of twelve, saying,
"I had to be in my Father's house [about my Father's business]"
(Luke 2:49). There was a program to which God had called him,
and he intended to wait on the Lord for it. Remember that over
and over again to his disciples in his ministry he said, "My
hour has not yet come." God was in charge of the timing.
Jesus also knew ahead of time that God's program would include
humiliation and suffering and the agony of death. That is where
the cry for deliverance comes in. We can identify with the horror
of that Gethsemane experience when he cried out, "Father,
if Thou art willing, remove this cup from Me; yet not My will,
but Thine be done" (Luke 22:42). And the cry on Calvary:
"My God, My God, why hast Thou forsaken Me?" (Matthew
27:46). The writer of Hebrews examines that cry of despair from
the Lord Jesus (5:7): "In the days of His flesh, when He
offered up both prayers and supplications with loud crying and
tears to Him who was able to save Him from death, and [He] was
heard because of his godly fear...."
We're going to see this cry explained in verses 11-17 of Psalm
40, but verse 2 makes it clear that God answered the cry. He saved
Jesus from death and raised him to life. Paul says that Jesus
was the firstborn of the dead, and now verse 2 tells us that the
resurrected, glorified Jesus stands securely with his heavenly
Father ministering on our behalf as our exalted Lord and Savior.
And the result of God's salvation in verse 3 is a song of praise,
worship, and thanksgiving from Jesus for what his Father has done
for him.
I'm grateful for the music ministry in our church, for the gifted
songwriters like Bill Connor and Grace Rhie and Margaret Moody
and Glenn Pickett, who take experiences of life out of death,
of God's power and goodness, and translate them into music that
we can enter into and enjoy. That is the result of resurrection-new
expressions, new creations of spiritual life and vitality. So
our risen, glorious King Jesus sings a new song to celebrate a
new kind of living-resurrection life. Verse 3 says that the effect
of that will be amazing: Many people will see it and fear; their
lives will be transformed as they respond to it. The story of
the resurrection of Jesus Christ, the message of our gospel, exploded
into the Roman world and traveled throughout civilization. Remember,
Jesus promised the disciples in his post-resurrection appearance
that repentance and forgiveness of sin should be preached in his
name to all nations. That explosion is still continuing as many
come into a relationship with the living God of the universe and
learn what it means to fear God, to worship him, to see him high
and lifted up.
The overwhelming greatness of God's activity
This song of resurrection continues in worship and praise
in verses 4-5, focused on God's grace. The Lord Jesus sings,
How blessed is the man who has made the LORD his trust,
And has not turned to the proud, nor to those who lapse into falsehood.
Many, O LORD my God, are the wonders which Thou hast done,
And Thy thoughts toward us;
There is none to compare with Thee;
If I would declare and speak of them,
They would be too numerous to count.
There are two wonderful elements in this song of praise and
worship that describe the kind of life that Jesus Christ offers
us. Verse 4 talks about the secret of blessedness or happiness.
He is saying, "Happy is the person who has learned to trust
God for everything in life." That trust means they have made
some choices: first, to reject the influence of anyone who encourages
them to appeal to personal pride, self-confidence, independence,
self-improvement, or natural ability. And second, to reject the
influence of those who embrace the lie, or idolatry (these terms
are interchangeable), of, say, materialism or education. They
have rejected the worship of something other than God, expecting
that to give them fulfillment and happiness. Instead, the happy
person has learned to depend on God's activity in them and nothing
else, including their own resources.
Verse 5 shows the overwhelming greatness of God's activity in
and through us who choose to trust him and to learn more and more
what that trust is about. The New Testament talks about that quality
of trusting God. It is talking about real life, not just spiritual
hyperbole or exaggeration. The apostle Paul says in Ephesians
3:20-21, "Now to Him who is able to do exceeding abundantly
beyond all that we ask or think, according to the power that works
within us [the power of the resurrection], to Him be the glory
in the church and in Christ Jesus to all generations forever and
ever. Amen." That is what the Lord Jesus invites us to discover
together when we actively trust God in worshipping, studying the
Bible, praying, ministering together, and enjoying friendship
together. There is a supernatural power that will explode in us
and through us that God intends for us to experience and enjoy.
Jesus' submission to God's plan
In verse 6, there is a sudden change in the psalm. We have
heard of the kind of life that resurrection offers us. Now the
Singer steps out of time into eternity. He takes us to the courts
of heaven and sings in anticipation of his incarnation the words
quoted in Hebrews 10, which we read earlier. The song of deliverance
continues with a commitment to obedience, a desire to surrender
his heart and will completely to his Father. Verses 6-8:
Sacrifice and meal offering Thou hast not desired;
My ears Thou hast opened;
Burnt offering and sin offering Thou hast not required.
Then I said, "Behold, I come;
In the scroll of the book it is written of me;
I delight to do Thy will, O my God;
Thy Law is within my heart."
Jesus understood the heart of God, our sinful human condition,
and his own saving purpose in coming to earth as Messiah. Verse
6 speaks of the Jewish sacrificial system; of sacrifice, meal
offering, burnt offering, and sin offering. It says that this
was historical reality, but God never really wanted it. It says
these sacrifices were "not required" and "not desired."
The blood of lambs and bulls and goats was not what God was after.
Jesus understood that God gave these sacrifices as an object lesson.
Every time a worshiper took an innocent, unblemished lamb or goat
or pigeon and offered it at the temple, slit its throat, and watched
its life blood drain away on the altar of sacrifice, God was saying
to them in very graphic terms that the sin-sickness that grips
humanity, the awful power that twists and distorts and ruins us,
cannot be dealt with lightly. We cannot get well with self-help
solutions or religious activity or the therapeutic process, no
matter how well-intentioned any of them might be. Our sickness
is a lot deeper than that, and it took the death of an innocent
Substitute, One who was himself part of the human race, to heal
the diseased core of our sinful human condition.
We have talked a bit about the fear that grips people, the social
problems that overwhelm us. There is a lot of awareness of these
problems today. I was just talking with someone this week about
the personal effect of the bigotry and racism that have gripped
Boalt Law School at Berkeley, how the minority law students have
responded to the racist hate letters in their mailbox. We're all
captivated by the family violence of the O.J. Simpson murder case.
There is a new phenomenon, the venom of right-wing hate radio,
that is influencing our nation.
I had a struggle this week within my own soul in terms of domestic
violence. One of my daughters accidentally messed up our family
computer, and I blamed her for it. She went crying to her room
because of my angry verbal violence toward her.
The analyses of all the TV talk shows are essentially correct.
We desperately need to love one another. We do need tolerance
and acceptance. We need to respect human worth and dignity. But
the problem is that we can't solve these crises with repeated
exhortations to do the right thing. It's one thing to know what
to do, but it's something entirely different to do it; to have
the resources to live the way we know we ought to live.
The good news is that the Lord Jesus understood my problem and
yours. It could never be solved until the life of sin-sick humanity
was poured out in death, and understanding that in this passage,
Jesus proclaims his willingness to be the sacrifice for our sin.
It is clear in the parenthetical phrase in verse 6, "My ears
Thou hast opened," referring to his readiness to hear from
his Father, his willingness to learn what God wanted from him.
And we see it in verses 7 and 8, which speak of his submission,
his obedient willingness to follow God's plan of salvation. The
prophet Isaiah puts these words in the mouth of Jesus (Isa 50:4-6):
"The Lord God has given Me the tongue of disciples,
That I may know how to sustain the weary one with a word.
He awakens Me morning by morning,
He awakens My ear to listen as a disciple.
The Lord God has opened My ear;
And I was not disobedient,
Nor did I turn my back.
I gave My back to those who strike Me,
And My cheeks to those who pluck out the beard;
I did not cover My face from humiliation and spitting."
All of that was to say that he was willing to suffer because
God asked him to. Verses 7 and 8 also talk about the fact that
it was planned, predicted ahead of time in the Old Testament Scriptures.
And Jesus is saying here, "I am committed to nothing, Lord,
but your will for me. I come to suffer and die, to give up my
life so that men and women can be free from the awful disease
of sin." And to this day there is no other solution to the
problems that grip us. Jesus came to fulfill the Father's will
for him. He said so plainly in John 4:32-34 after his encounter
with the Samaritan woman. The disciples asked him if he was hungry,
and Jesus said, "I have food to eat that you do not know
about." His disciples were wondering where he had gotten
food, and Jesus said, "My food is to do the will of Him who
sent Me, and to accomplish His work."
Jesus came to make himself completely available to God, voluntarily
without any external pressure. He freely chose his sacrificial
death on the cross without any compulsion. There was no weirdness
in his relationship with his Father that sent him to the cross.
It happened because he had internalized God's Law-ultimate reality,
the greatest good revealed in the Scriptures. It had been written
on his heart, and it controlled everything he said and did.
Proclaiming the love of God
The next three verses summarize Jesus' preaching. This came out of his certain conviction of God's salvation of resurrection. In three years of public ministry, this was his consistent message. Verses 9-10:
I have proclaimed glad tidings of righteousness in the great congregation;
Behold, I will not restrain my lips,
O LORD, Thou knowest.
I have not hidden Thy righteousness within my heart;
I have spoken of Thy faithfulness and Thy salvation;
I have not concealed Thy lovingkindness and Thy truth from the great congregation.
What is the most important theme in the glad tidings that Jesus
proclaimed? It is the love of God. Jesus came to tell us that
in spite of our evil, shame, and sin, the agony with which we
live, God loves us anyway. And God is committed to doing something
about this problem of sin. Salvation is the purpose of his love.
His love is very focused, consistent, ruthlessly honest, faithful,
and absolutely trustworthy. Jesus came to earth to constantly
talk about that love of God that offers salvation to men and women.
He also came to demonstrate that love in the way he lived his
life. I am reminded of John's prologue to his gospel in this regard:
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God,
and the Word was God....And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among
us, and we beheld His glory, glory as of the only begotten from
the Father, full of grace and truth." Grace and truth are
intertwined throughout Psalm 40, and they were beautifully blended
in the life of Jesus. Think about how graciously Jesus dealt with
people in his relationships with them. At one point he brought
a little child into the middle of the circle of disciples to help
them understand what it meant to live openly, transparently, humbly,
in dependence on the Father. Jesus was also incredibly gracious
and compassionate to those caught in sinful activity. You can't
find one time in the gospels when Jesus hammered someone caught
in sin. Jesus never spoke harshly to sinners with whom he related.
He was scathing with the hypocrites, the religious professionals
who wouldn't admit their guilt and need; but not with sinners
who understood their sin.
Jesus also told the truth, no matter what. He talked about God's
character, about God's activity, about what human nature is really
like, about our needs and problems. Jesus told the truth when
it was unpopular and difficult. He told the truth even when it
hurt, or when there was opposition to it. His message was hated.
The religious leaders plotted to kill him because he told them
the truth about themselves. But in spite of the price, he was
always faithful. He always witnessed to the saving love of God,
always speaking graciously and yet truthfully.
The last part of our psalm really amplifies the cry of the Savior
that we saw in verse 1. In his extremity and distress, as he stands
on the threshold of the grave, he cries out to his Father. This
is a private confession of how overwhelming life is.
Affirming God's character
He starts out in verse 11 with a wonderful affirmation of
God's character:
Thou, O LORD, wilt not withhold Thy compassion from me;
Thy lovingkindness and Thy truth will continually preserve me.
What he believes about God now and for the future is based on his past history with God. Everything he has experienced of God's presence and power in his life, he knows he can count on now when things are overwhelming. He is confident that God will preserve him, guard him, and take him through the suffering, the public humiliation, and the death on the cross. He is convinced that God will extend to him compassionate care. God's faithful love, his hesed, will never waver toward him, even through terrible circumstances. And the final thing he says is that truth preserves him. Truth here is the prophetic promises of the Old Testament. He chooses to build his life on what the Bible says; that is what guards him and preserves him.
Jesus' cry for deliverance from sin
Jesus has confessed faith in verse 11, but now he also confesses
fear. "Lord," he says, "I know you're good, but
life is really horrible right now. Trouble doesn't go away. I'm
surrounded by evil." So in verses 12-15 there is a passionate
cry for deliverance from suffering because of sin and evil opposition
from his opponents. Verse 12:
For evils beyond number have surrounded me;
My iniquities have overtaken me, so that I am not able to see;
They are more numerous than the hairs of my head;
And my heart has failed me.
Jesus was suffering because of sin, but a legitimate question is, if he was sinless, blameless and innocent, how can he talk about his iniquities or sins that overwhelm him? In his messianic identity, these words become the confession of sins that he himself was not a part of, but of which he voluntarily took on himself on the cross. And we're dealing here with a profound mystery. The prophet Isaiah in 53:5 says of the Savior,
"...He was pierced through for our transgressions,
He was crushed for our iniquities;
The chastening for our well-being fell upon Him,
And by His scourging we are healed."
The apostle Paul explains the mystery in 2 Corinthians 5:21, speaking of Jesus: "[God] made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him." C.S. Lewis, in Reflections on the Psalms, writes of this mystery in commenting on Psalm 40, "...This too is for us the voice of Christ, for we have been taught that he who is without sin became sin for our sakes, plumbed the depth of that worst suffering which comes to evil men who at last know their own evil."
The shame that results in forgiveness
Jesus has prayed for deliverance from the power of sin, and
now he prays for his enemies, this violent opposition in verses
13-15:
Be pleased, O LORD, to deliver me;
Make haste, O LORD, to help me.
Let those be ashamed and humiliated together
Who seek my life to destroy it;
Let those be turned back and dishonored
Who delight in my hurt.
Let those be appalled because of their shame
Who say to me, "Aha, aha!"
That takes us in our mind's eye to the cross. Remember the
prayer of Jesus when he was being mocked and scorned by the Roman
soldiers and the Jewish religious leaders: "Father, forgive
them; for they do not know what they are doing" (Luke 23:34).
At first glance this prayer in Psalm 40 doesn't seem consistent
with that prayer of forgiveness from the cross, because he is
asking for his enemies to be ashamed, humiliated, brought to dishonor,
and appalled at their own shameful behavior.
But think about it-what is necessary for us to experience forgiveness
from other people or from God? We have to see that we have failed,
that we have sinned against them. We have to admit that we need
to be forgiven, or we can't experience forgiveness. And that is
what the Lord Jesus is praying for. He is asking God to arrest
his enemies in the progress of their evil, to stop them in their
tracks. And he asks for shame and confusion so they won't go any
farther. Then he asks for their eyes to be opened to the reality
of what they are doing. To be ashamed means to understand that
you're guilty and to be embarrassed about it, to be overwhelmed
by the awfulness of your behavior. That is when God can extend
the forgiveness that comes from the confession of a guilty heart.
That was the solution to my sin against my daughter this week
that I mentioned a bit earlier. In shouting at her, I was an enemy
of the Savior, acting in opposition to what he did in love and
grace and mercy on the cross. I went to sleep that night tired
and angry and really blaming her, and actually the rest of the
kids too. But I woke up the next morning feeling ashamed and guilty,
blaming myself and not her because I saw the ugliness of the attitude
of my heart toward her. Then I had the joy-and in our closing
section he talks about the joy of those who seek the Lord-of asking
this God of loving salvation to forgive me and heal me, and then
the chagrined joy of going to my daughter and asking her forgiveness,
telling her I was sorry for the hurt I had caused her.
Let God be glorified
Jesus' prayer for deliverance from present difficulties concludes
now with a wonderful desire that God be glorified, be made visible,
in his life. And he prays for all of us who choose to trust God
with our lives. Verses 16-17:
Let all who seek Thee rejoice and be glad in Thee;
Let those who love Thy salvation say continually,
"The LORD be magnified!"
Since I am afflicted and needy,
Let the Lord be mindful of me;
Thou art my help and my deliverer;
Do not delay, O my God.
Jesus knew that the essence of help, of finding stability through
painful, overwhelming circumstances, was to pray for the Lord
to be magnified or glorified. Look again at what Jesus focuses
on as he thinks about the cross. He speaks to a loving heavenly
Father as one who seeks him: "I'm going to pursue you no
matter what!" He makes a choice to rejoice and be glad in
who God is and in what God is going to do in spite of the circumstances.
He makes a choice to see God as a deliverer. That is a choice
of faith. His eyes are lifted above circumstances to who God is
and how God is going to intervene in his life.
This song of the Savior opens the infinite mystery of the incarnation.
It is marvelous that these words that were sung originally by
our Savior outside of space and time, then written down by King
David a thousand years before our Lord ever came to earth, summarize
so clearly and accurately the saving purpose he would follow when
he came. And today, two thousand years on this side of the cross,
we're faced with the marvel of the infinite God's having become
a finite man. The Word who was with God and was God became flesh
and lived among us so that we could see what God was like. And
the message of that revelation is unquestionably clear today.
There is no other hope for humanity.
We talked about the fear and dread that we see around us. I think
about the men and women of "Generation X," young people
who are now moving from adolescence into adulthood. In the print
media and on talk shows, they are telling us that they don't have
the ability, or even much interest in trying, to solve the problems
they have inherited from the older generation. They speak with
bitterness and boredom and emptiness and cynicism of the meaninglessness
of life. The hopelessness we hear expressed by these men and women
simply confirms that this psalm is telling us the truth. There
isn't any other hope for the human race besides the gospel of
Jesus Christ. There is no other way out of the darkness, no other
way to break the grip of this evil sickness that has seized our
race. The gospel has no rivals in our day. It is the one and only
way by which we can find out what God intended us to be and the
incredible quality of life that he intended us to have.
Jesus sings, and we are invited to sing with him, this song of
deliverance. Let's echo the intensity, the passion, the conviction,
and the power of our Lord Jesus in Psalm 40. Let's worship our
Savior and celebrate his resurrection. Let's rejoice in the good
news of his salvation. And let's pray that many will continue
to see and fear and put their trust in the God of deliverance.
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